VascuSphere
Patient Education · Vein Conditions & Treatments
🩸 Varicose & Thread Veins
⚡ Radiofrequency Ablation
💉 Foam Sclerotherapy
🔬 Microsclerotherapy
Varicose Veins
Thread Veins
SKIN
FASCIA
GSV
Deep vein
Perforator
Valve ✓
Normal vein function
✗ VALVE FAILS
Top (junction) valve fails
Blood begins to fall backwards
↓ Reflux
↑ Normal
All valves fail — full reflux
Blood pools under high pressure
Vein dilates and stretches
Vein bulging at skin
Varicose vein — tortuous & dilated
Aching, heaviness, skin changes,
and eventually ulceration if untreated
EPIDERMIS
DERMIS
SUBCUTANEOUS FAT
MUSCLE
Reticular vein
Varicose vein
Thread veins — in dermis (cosmetic)
Varicose vein — deeper (medical)
← Back
Step 1 of 4
Next →
Duplex Ultrasound Probe
GSV
Deep vein
Ultrasound maps the vein
before any treatment begins
GSV diameter
Entry point
← Tip near SFJ
Catheter threaded inside GSV
Guided by ultrasound from calf to groin
Tumescent fluid
Local anaesthetic infiltrated
Fluid numbs the area and compresses
the vein — protecting nearby structures
⚡ 120°C — sealing
Catheter ↓
Radiofrequency energy seals the vein
Catheter withdrawn at 7 cm/min
Vein absorbed over 6–12 weeks
← Back
Step 1 of 4
Next →
Varicose Vein
(blood pooling)
The dilated varicose vein
Blood stagnant under high pressure
due to failed valves above
Sclerosant
(1 part)
Stopcock
Air / CO₂
(4 parts)
→
Foam ready
Tessari technique (1:4 ratio)
Sclerosant + air mixed via stopcock
into a fine, stable microfoam
Needle
Foam filling the vein
Foam injected under ultrasound
Displaces blood — coats entire vein wall
White foam is clearly visible on ultrasound
Fibrotic cord
What happens next
1–2 weeks
Inflammation, bruising, lumpiness
4–6 weeks
Vein hardens to a fibrous cord
3–6 months
Cord absorbed — vein disappears
Vein chemically destroyed
Body gradually absorbs the treated vein
Compression stockings worn for 2–4 weeks
← Back
Step 1 of 4
Next →
SKIN SURFACE — CLOSE-UP VIEW
Thread veins (spider veins)
Fine vessels 0.1–1mm — live in the
upper dermis. Cosmetic, not medical.
30G
needle
Blanching ✓
Ultra-fine needle — each vessel injected
Sclerosant fills the vessel
Blanching confirms correct placement
Clearance over time
Weeks 2–4: Vessels brown / flushed
Normal inflammatory response — expected
Months 1–2: Vessels fade significantly
70–90% clearance in most patients
Months 3–6: Further sessions if needed
2–3 sessions typically for best results
Vessels absorbed — gradually cleared
Avoid sun exposure · wear compression
stockings for 1–2 weeks after each session
← Back
Step 1 of 3
Next →